Wednesday, November 12, 2014

 مشاهده مجدد آهوی ختن یا خون‌ آشام در افغانستان پس از گذشت ۶۶ سال


یک نوع جانوری نادر به نام آهوی ختن یا آهوی مشک یا آهوی خون آشام را که تصور می‌شد منقرض شده است در افغانستان مجددا مشاهده گردیده است. گزارش گردیده که پیش از این تصور می‌شد که این جانور منقرض شده و آخرین مشاهده این آهو که از سوی یک تیم دانمارکی صورت گرفته بود به ۶۶ سال قبل (سال ۱۹۴۸ میلادی) باز می گردد. 
شهرت این آهو به دلیل داشتن دندان‌های نیش شبیه به خون‌آشام‌ها در جنس نر است. این دندان‌ها در جنس و نر در فصل جفتگیری رشد می‌کنند. آهوهای نر از این دندان‌ها در واقع برای رقابت با سایرین در فصل جفتگیری استفاده می‌کند.
حال مجددا پس از گذشت حدود
۶۶ سال از آخرین مشاهده این آهوی زیبا در کشمیر و استان «نورستان» افغانستان مشاهده شده است.
به دلیل شکار غیرمجاز و نابودی زیستگاه، این جانور از سوی اتحادیه جهانی حفاظت از طبیعت (IUCN) در فهرست سرخ انواع در حال انقراض و سپس جزء انواع منقرض شده قرار گرفت.
مشک این آهو بسیار با ارزش است به طوری که ارزش آن معادل قیمت طلا برآورد می‌شود. در بازار سیاه هر کیلوگرم مشک این آهو
۴۵ هزار دلار ارزش دارد. این جانور نادر همراه با انواع شناخته شده دیگر حیات وحش نظیر پلنگ‌ها، ‌جزء میراث طبیعی کشور بحران زده افغانستان به شمار میرود.   



NEW YORK (October 31, 2014) – More than 60 years after its last confirmed sighting, a strange deer with vampire-like fangs still persists in the rugged forested slopes of northeast Afghanistan according to a research team led by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), which confirmed the species presence during recent surveys.

Known as the Kashmir musk deer – one of seven similar species found in Asia – the last scientific sighting in Afghanistan was believed to have been made by a Danish survey team traversing the region in 1948.



The study was published in the Oct. 22nd edition of the journal Oryx. Authors include: Stephane Ostrowski and Peter Zahler of the Wildlife Conservation Society, Haqiq Rahmani of the University of Leeds, and Jan Mohammad Ali and Rita Ali of Waygal, Nuristan, Afghanistan.



The species is categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to habitat loss and poaching. Its scent glands are coveted by wildlife traffickers and are considered more valuable by weight than gold, fetching as much as $45,000/kilo on the black market. The male’s distinct saber-like tusks are used during the rutting season to compete with other males.



The survey team recorded five sightings, including a solitary male in the same area on three occasions, one female with a juvenile, and one solitary female, which may have been the same individual without her young. All sightings were in steep rocky outcrops interspersed with alpine meadows and scattered, dense high bushes of juniper and rhododendron. According to the team, the musk deer were discrete, cryptic, difficult to spot, and could not be photographed.



The authors say that targeted conservation of the species and its habitat are needed for it to survive in Afghanistan.



Although the deteriorating security conditions in Nuristan did not allow NGOs to remain in Nuristan after 2010, the Wildlife Conservation Society maintains contact with the local people it has trained and will pursue funding to continue ecosystem research and protection in Nuristan when the situation improves.



“Musk deer are one of Afghanistan’s living treasures,” said co-author Peter Zahler, WCS Deputy Director of Asia Programs. “This rare species, along with better known wildlife such as snow leopards, are the natural heritage of this struggling nation. We hope that conditions will stabilize soon to allow WCS and local partners to better evaluate conservation needs of this species.” 

http://www.wcs.org/press/press-releases/strange-vampire-deer.aspx

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